John Updike And Individualism Essay, Research Paper

John Updike wrote many books and short stories. Many of his characters resembled

people he knew or they reflected his views on what was going on in America

(Interview 75-79). They expressed his views on the value system that people

lived by. One of these ideas was individualism. Individualism has not always

been present in society. Up until the late 1960?s, people accepted whatever

was happening around them. Very few stood up for themselves or for others. Many

people wished to, but were too afraid to speak up. They had to find other ways

of expressing what they really thought. John Updike?s idea of individuality

expressed through the character of Sammy, in ?A&P,? closes the gap

between the 1950?s value system and today. To be an individual is

characterized by many things. An individual knows how to think for themselves.

They strive for independence and put their needs in front of others. If

something is considered, ?the thing to do,? they will steer in the opposite

direction. An individual wants to be seen differently from the rest of society.

They want to have uniqueness unlike any other. Conformists, on the other hand,

are people who thrive on being accepted. They wear the trendy clothes and put a

group?s best interest ahead of their own. They act in whatever way is

acceptable to the group they wish to be apart of. Conformists tell people what

they want to hear rather than speaking their own mind. They are prisoners within

themselves. They are monotonous and carry on the same way day in and day out.

Conformists are amusing due to their lack of thought. Sammy recognizes this when

he refers to the shoppers as, ?The sheep pushing their carts down the aisle?

(Literature 13). In the late 1950?s, individuality was rarely seen. People

wanted to be just like their neighbors. They moved into houses identical to

those all around them. Men always wore suits and ties and women wore dresses.

People did everything to please society and keep their status equal with those

amongst them (Stata 1-2). Communism was a scare to our country during this time.

No one wanted their neighbor to think they were a communist. This added to their

desire to be accepted. If they were not accepted they would be, not just

disliked, but ostracized. Due to this, they all became conformists. They lived

by the silent laws of conformity, which pushed for everyone to be the same.

?Conformity was the measure of popularity as well as moral rightness? (Short

6). In today?s society individualism is greatly enforced. We have been told

since our sandbox days to be different. Do something new and exciting to get

recognition. We want notability for ourselves. We don?t want to be like the

guy next door. The American Dream has changed since the 1950?s. Today people

strive to be rich. They want to be able to top their friends and family when it

comes to material. Money is what matters. Each person has to try a new way to

achieve this dream of money, which pushes him or her to seek individuality. This

will help them learn what makes them different and use it to rise above. The

value system of today let?s people grow within themselves. It does not hold

them back as it did in the 1950?s. As Updike once said, ?Something quite

nice has happened to the American spirit? (Interview 78). Sammy was definitely

an individual. He stood up for what he believed in and never backed down. He

didn?t care what his boss thought in regards to his quitting. He was making a

statement. This was very uncommon in the 1950?s. People did not quit their

jobs over a decision made by a superior that had no affect on them, but Sammy

did. He quit because he felt that the treatment the girls received was

unnecessary. He also put forth his individualism when his boss questioned what

he said. He could have easily taken back his words. Instead he went through with

quitting his job. In his eyes, ?Once you begin a gesture, its fatal not to go

through with it? (Literature 16). Updike knew well of the 1950?s and all the

good and bad that came from that decade since he lived through it. He never knew

that how he had Sammy think, act, and feel would be how the teenagers of the

future would be. Sammy?s character in ?A&P? showed the type of person

that the teenagers of today have been pushed to be. Updike never knew his

character was a foreshadowing of the choices a generation soon to come would

make (Short 11).

?A&P.? Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama 7/e.

Eds. Rossi, Patricia, Lisa Moore, Katherine Glynn, and Donna Campion. New York:

Addison Wesley Longman, Inc, 1999. 12-16. ?A&P.? Short Stories for

Students. Wilson, Kathleen. Detroit, MI: Gale Research, 1998. Vol 3. 1-21.

?Interview with John Updike.? Conversations with John Updike. Plath, James.

Jackson, MS: University Press of Mississippi, 1994. 74-83. Stata, Raymie.

?What is Individualism.? www.vix.com. http://www.vix.com/objectivism/Writing/RaymieStata/WhatIsIndividualism.html