Ragtime By Doctorow Essay, Research Paper

At the turn of the twentieth century America witnessed the Progressive movement. The

people had a desire to end the corruption in government and to control the big

corporations. They took action by cleaning up the cities, making them cleaner and safer.

Cities were redesigned, and housing codes were established. Not only were cities being

reformed, but also institutions like laws, schools and government. The movement

inspired a quest for social justice, more democracy in politics, and widespread economic

regulation. Laws were forged to enforce the riddance of corruption in the marketplace.

Teddy Roosevelt emerged as not only the leader of a nation, but also as the leader of the

Progressive movement. He became known as the great ?trust-buster.? He established the

Pure Food and Drug Act which made food safer for the consumer. America developed an

intense feeling of nostalgia for these times. It appeared as if times couldn?t have been

better. The Progressive Era was and is considered by some a warmer time; a time when

things were less complicated. Today?s society does not know of the other side to the

Progressive Era. They do not remember these times as times of conflict and violence, as

times of discrimination, as times when immigrants lived (and died) in filthy, unventilated

tenements. This era is thought of as a nostalgic time. In a book titled Ragtime, through

the portrayal of three different families, E.L. Doctorow presents these times as very

anti-nostalgic.

One portrayal is of an immigrant Jewish family living in inner-city tenements.

The family consists of Mameh, the mother; Tateh, the father; and their daughter. They

were told that the little girl must attend school. Tateh was a peddler and Mameh sewed

dresses, the two of them had a very difficult time paying their bills as it was. Pressured

by constant financial needs, Mameh began selling herself into prostitution. The family

shattered. Mameh left in shame and Tateh mourned her as if she were dead. He worked

day and night, trying to sell his silhouettes on the street, all the while having the little girl

tied to him with a rope so no one would steal her.

Another of the three families was a black family, living in Harlem. This family

had never come together, so it was already shattered. The man, Coalhouse Walker, had a

child with a young girl named Sarah. Not being able to support the child, Sarah tries to

kill their baby. Another lady stumbles upon it and takes it into her home. Sarah moves in

with the family. Coalhouse is a musician who is struggling to establish himself as an

equal in society. He visits every day, but Sarah will not see him. Finally, they decide to

get married and settle down as a family. However, before this could happen, Sarah was

killed at a rally for the vice-president. Coalhouse goes off the edge, focusing all his rage

and anger on being discriminated against by some racist fireman. He kills them and many

more before he later ?holed up? in Pierpont Morgan?s estate, where he eventually is killed

in a shootout. Meanwhile, the baby is left with no mother or father.

The third and final portrayal is that of an upper middle class white family living in

a quiet subdivision outside of the city. The family is composed of Father, Mother,

Younger Brother, and a little boy, the son of Mother and Father. Father owns his own

company and is very successful. However, he is described as being out of touch with

himself. He is constantly searching for order and success in his life. He goes on long

expeditions around the world hoping to achieve success, but they only distance him from

his family. When he returns from his trip to the north pole his relations with Mother have

changed and he starts sinking into himself, turning into a zombie. Meanwhile Mother is

hiding feminist literature under the bed. As Father sinks, she rises to be the new head of

the family, not to mention a liberated woman. The little boy is odd, constantly quiet. He

enjoys staring at his grandfather and reading the newspaper daily. All the while, Younger

Brother is hanging up pictures of Evelyn Nesbit, his object of endless lust. He thinks of

her day and night, following her around each day, constantly in the shadows. Withdrawn

from everything else, he lives and breathes her name. When he is rejected, he turns

rebellious, creating intricate explosives and becomes a revolutionary in Mexico.

Doctorow?s novel clearly shows the Progressive Era as an anti-nostalgic time.

While history books show the good things that came out of the time period, Doctorow

displays society?s daily hardships and conflicts. He describes the filthy crime ridden

living conditions in the inner-city tenements. He portrays the difficult attempts of

immigrant families to make a living. Doctorow exposes the burden having a child placed

on people living in the ghetto, and the discrimination that they encountered on a daily

basis. He shows that the inner cities and slums were not the only places that produced

things not worth remembering. Even the upper middle class white families were affected

by the time period. Everything was not polished and shiny. Family members went their

own ways, and the women emerged from their subservient roles, learning about feminist

movements. Families sometimes became dysfunctional and disjointed. This is what

Docotorow showed in Ragtime.