Biology 2 Essay, Research Paper

Your brain has two sides. And each has a distinctly different way of

looking at the world.

Do you realize that in order for you to read this article, the two

sides of your brain must do completely different things? The more we

integrate those two sides, the more integrated we become as people.

Integration not only increases our ability to solve problems more

creatively, but to control physical maladies such as epilepsy and migranes,

replace certain damaged brain functions and even learn to “thin” into the

future. Even more startling is evidence coming to light that we have

become a left-brain culture.

Your brain’s right and left side have distinctly different ways of

looking at the world. Your two hemispheres are as different from each

other as, oh, Micheal Wilson and Shirley Maclean. The left brain controls

the right side of the body (this is reversed in about half of the 15

percent of the population that is left-handed) and, in essence, is logical

analytical, judgemental and verbal. It’s interested in the bottom line, in

being efficent. The right brain controls the left side of the body and

leans more to the creative, the intuitive. It is concerned more with the

visual and emotional side of life.

Most people, if they thought about it, would identify more with

their left brain. In fact, many of us think we are our left brains. All

of that non-stop verbalization that goes on in our heads is the dominant

left brain talking to itself. Our culture- particularly our school system

with its emphasis on the three Rs (decidedly left-brain territory) -

effectively represses the intuitive and artistic right brain. If you don’t

believe it, see how far you get at the office with the right brain activity

of daydreaming.

As you read, your left-side is sensibly making connections and

analysing the meaning of the words, the syntax and other complex relation-

ships while putting it into a “language” you can understand. Meanwhile,

the right side is providing emotional and even humerous cues, decoding

visual information and maintaining an integrated story structure.

While all of this is going on, the two sides are constantly

communicating with each other across a connecting fibre tract called the

corpus callosum. There is a certain amount of overlap but essentially

the two hemispheres of the brain are like two different personalities

that working alone would be somewhat lacking and overspecialized, but

when functioning together bring different strengths and areas of expertise

to make an integrated whole.

“The primitive cave person probably lived solely in the right

brain,” says Eli Bay, president of Relaxation Response Inc., a Toronto

organization that teaches people how to relax. “As we gained more control

over our environment we became more left-brain oriented until it became

dominant.” To prove this, Bay suggests: “Try going to your boss and saying

“I’ve got a great hunch.” Chances are your boss will say, “Fine, get me

the logic to back it up.”

The most creative decision making and problem solving come about

when both sides bring their various skills to the table: the left brain

analysing issues, problems and barriers; the right brain generating fresh

approaches; and the left brain translating the into plans of action.

“In a time of vast change like the present, the intuitive side of

the brain operates so fast it can see what’s coming,” says Dr. Howard

Eisenberg, a medical doctor with a degree in psychology who has studied

hemispheric relationships. “The left brain is too slow, but the right

can see around corners.”

Dr. Eisenberg thinks that the preoccupation with the plodding left

brain is one reason for the analysis paralysis he sees affecting world

leaders. “Good leaders don’t lead by reading polls,” he says. “They have

vision and operate to a certain extent by feel.”

There are ways of correcting out cultural overbalance. Playing

video games, for example, automatically flips you over to the right brain

Bay says. “Any artistic endavour, like music or sculpture, will also do

it.”

In her best-selling book “Drawing on the Right Side of the Brain

(J.P. Tarcher Inc., 1979), Dr. Betty Edwards developed a series of exercises

designed to help people tap into the right brain, to actually see or process

visual information, differently. She cites techniques that are as old as

time, and modern high-tech versions such as biofeedback.

An increasing number of medical professionals beieve that being in

touch with our brain, especially the right half, can help control medical

problems. For examplem Dr. Eisenberg uses what he calls “imaginal

thinking” to control everything from migranes to asthma, to high blood

pressure. “We have found,” he says, “that by teaching someone to raise to

raise their temperature – by imaging they are sunbathing or in a warm bath

- they can control their circulatory system and terefore the migrane.”

Knowledge of our two-sided brain began in the mid-1800’s when

French neurologist Paul Broca discovered that injuries to the left side of

the brain resulted in the loss of speech. Damage to the right side,

however did not. Doctors speculated over what this meant. Was the brain

schizophrenically divided and non-communicative?

In the early 1960s, Nobel Prize winner Dr. Roger Sperry proved that

patients who had their corpus callosum severed to try and control epileptic

seizures could no longer communicate between their hemispheres. The

struggle can be seen quite clearly in the postoperative period whe the

patient is asked to do a simple block design. This is a visual, spacial

task that the left-hand (controlled by the right brain in most of us) can

do very well but the right hand (controlled by the language-oriented left

brain) does poorly. The right hand may even intervene to mix up the

design.

Some people with epilepsy can control their seizures by concentrating

activity on the hemisphere that is not affected. In the case of left lobe

epilepsy, this can be done by engaging in a right-brain activity such as

drawing.

One intriguing question is why we have two hemispheres at all? “In

biology you always have the same thing on one side as the other – ears,

lungs, eyes, kidneys, etc.” explains Dr. Patricia De Feudis, director of

psychology at Credit Valley Hospital in Mississauga, Ont. “But with the

brain there is more specialization. You can have something going on one

side and not not be aware of it in the other.”

Our knowledge of the brain is general is only beginning. We know

even less about how the hemispheres operate, Getting in touch with how the

two sides work can only do us good, if just to keep us from walking around

“half-brained”.