Реферат Marriage and Dating
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MARRIAGE AND DATING
1. Read and translate:
| 1. Marriage in the | 1. Брак в США рассматривается вопрос о личной ответственности и принятия решения. Молодые люди часто влюбляются и женятся, даже если их родители не одобряют их выбор. Американский браки, как правило, на основе романтической любви, а не социальный класс, образование, деньги, или религии. В самом деле, там был устойчивый рост смешанных браков между молодыми людьми разных религиозных особенностей. С другой стороны, браки между белыми и черными редки. Они, вероятно, составляют менее 1 процента от всех браков в год. Большинство американских мужчин, многие к тому времени, они 25 лет, и муж, как правило, два или три года старше своей жены. |
| 2. Marriage is preceded by dating, that is, young men and young women going out together. Casual dating usually begins in the early teens, and by the late teens a pattern of steady dating develops. This pattern involves two young people going out together for some length of time. Steady dating is often followed by marriage or by a formal engagement, which is, in effect, a public statement of the intention to marry. If the engaged couple change their minds, the engagement is broken. Broken engagements are not unusual and are completely acceptable. | 1. Брак предшествует знакомство, то есть, молодых мужчин и женщин собираются вместе. Досуга обычно начинается в раннем подростковом возрасте, и к концу подростков картина устойчивого знакомства развивается. Эта модель состоит из двух молодых людей собираются вместе для некоторого отрезка времени. Устойчивый знакомств часто сопровождается брак или официальное участие, которое, в сущности, публичное заявление о намерении вступить в брак.Если жених и невеста меняют свое мнение, участия не работает. Broken обязательства не являются необычными и вполне приемлемы. |
| 3. Although serious dating with a commitment to marriage is the familiar style of courtship in many cultures, which seems unusual to many foreign observers, is the casual American dating system. Very often young Americans who hardly know each other go out on date. For example, it is perfectly respectable for a young man to call up a young woman, introduce himself by telephone, and arrange a date. Usually they have a friend in common. It is equally acceptable for friends to arrange a "blind date", that is, a date between two young people who have not met before. | 2. Хотя серьезные знакомства с обязательством брак знакомый стиль ухаживания во многих культурах, который кажется необычным для многих иностранных наблюдателей, является случайным американской системы знакомств. Очень часто молодые американцы, которые едва знакомы друг с другом выйти на дату. Например, вполне респектабельный для молодого человека, чтобы вызвать молодая женщина, представиться по телефону, и договориться о свидании. Обычно они имеют друг общего. Не менее приемлемым для друзей устроить "свидание вслепую", то есть, даты двух молодых людей, которые не встречались раньше. |
| 4. After their marriage the young couple is free to decide where to live and when to start a family. Most newlyweds set up their own household immediately. In the early 1970s only 1.5 percent of all married couples were not living on their own independently and by themselves. | 3. После свадьбы молодая пара имеет право решать, где жить и когда начинать семью. Большинство молодоженов создавать свои собственные бытовые немедленно. В начале 1970-х только 1,5 процента всех супружеских пар, не проживающих на их собственные независимо и самостоятельно. |
| 5. If the couple finds that their marriage was a mistake, they are free to get a divorce. The divorce rate has almost doubled in the past fifty years, and current statistics indicate that one of every three marriages will end in divorce. Many people view these figures with alarm. They fear that the institution of marriage is disintegrating - falling apart. A number of sociologists, on the other hand, say that this increase in divorces does not indicate more unhappy marriages. Instead, they point to changes in the laws that have made divorce easier and to changes in attitudes that have made divorce more acceptable than it had been years ago. They also claim that, since more than two-thirds of all divorced people many again, divorce marks a temporary, rather than a permanent, break in marital relations. | 4. Если пара считает, что их брак был ошибкой, они свободны, чтобы получить развод. Разводов увеличилось почти вдвое за последние пятьдесят лет, и последние статистические данные показывают, что каждый третий брак закончится разводом. Многие люди считают, что эти цифры с тревогой. Они опасаются, что институт брака распадается - разваливается. Ряд социологов, с другой стороны, сказать, что это увеличение разводов, не указывают на более несчастными браками. Вместо этого, они указывают на изменения в законы, которые сделали развода проще и к изменениям в подходах, которые сделали развода более приемлемым, чем это было лет назад. Они также утверждают, что, поскольку более двух третей всех разведенных людей много раз, развод знаки временного, а не постоянное, перерыв в брачных отношениях. |
CHOOSING A MATE
6. Although Americans try to be practical in most matters, when they choose^spou^ the
decision is usually based upon feelings of love rather than practical considerations. In the
dating in high school and eventually find marriage partners through their own social contacts
Though parents generally encourage their children to marry someone of the same race and religion, when young adults movejm^^^ to att£nd school Qr ^ щ
another city, they often date and then many people from quite different backgrounds Marriages between people of different religious or racial backgrounds are increasing However, marriages between blacks and whites are still rather rare, involving less than 0.5o/o of the nation's 55 million married couples.
2. Find the words in the article and give their Russian equivalents:
A matter of individual responsibility and decision, disapprove of their choice; is based on romantic love, rather than on social class; young people of different religious backgrounds go out together, casual dating, in the early teens, steady dating, a public statement of the intention to many, serious dating with a commitment to marriage; courtship, have a friend in common couple is free to decide where to live and when to start a family, one of every three marriages wrll end in divorce, the institution of marriage is disintegrating, try to be practical in most matters, arrange marriages for their children, encourage their children to many someone of the same race and religion, people from quite different backgrounds.
3.
Find
the
English
equivalents
:
Вопрос личной ответственности, влюбиться, случайные (несерьезные) встречи к 20
годам, постоянные встречи, ходить на свидания, официальная помолвка, разорвать
помолвку, свидания с серьезными намерениями, общий друг, заводить детей
молодожены сразу заводят собственное хозяйство, развестись, каждый брак из трех
кончается разводом, выбирать спутника жизни, покидать родительский дом, люди другого круга.
4.
Answer the questions:
1. What are American marriages usually based on? Are they based on love or practical considerations?
2. Do young people marry if their parents disapprove of their choice? Why do they do that?
3. Do parents encourage their children to marry someone of a different social or racial background?
4. Are there many intermarriages between young people of different religious backgrounds?
5. By what age do most American men marry? Who is usually older, a husband or a wife?
6. What is marriage preceded by?
7. When does casual dating usually begin?
8. When does a pattern of steady dating develop? What does this pattern involve?
9/ What often follows steady dating?
. 10.What is a formal engagement?
11 .When is the engagement considered broken? Are broken engagements usual or rare?
. 12.Are broken engagements acceptable in the society?
13. What is the familiar style of courtship in many cultures?
14. Do Americans who hardly know each other go out on dates?
15. What is a "blind date"? Is it respectable for a young man to call up a young woman, introduce himself by telephone, and arrange a date?
16.Where do young couples prefer to live after their marriage?
17. Do most newlyweds set up their own household after there wedding or do they stay with their in-laws?
18.What is the way out if the couple finds that their marriage was a mistake?
19. Has the divorce rate increased or decreased in the past fifty years? What do current statistics indicate? Why do many people view these figures with alarm?
20. What is the opinion of some sociologists? Does divorce mark a temporary or a permanent break in marital relations?
21. What is the decision usually based upon, when Americans choose a spouse? Do they try to be practical?
Do parents arrange marriages for their children in the
22. When do teenagers usually begin dating?
23. Who do parents encourage their children to marry? Do children many people from different backgrounds?
5.
Complete the sentences with prepositions:
1. Young people frequently fall __ love and marry even if their parents disapprove __ their choice.
2- 0ne_____ eyery three marriages ends_____ divorce.
3. American marriages are usually based __ romantic love, rather than __ social class.
4. Very few newlyweds choose to begin married life living __ either set __ parents
5. Marriage in the
6. It is perfectly respectable __ a young man to call ___ a young woman, introduce himself telephone, and arrange a date.
7. Sociologists point _ changes _ the laws that have made divorce easier and _ changes attitudes.
8. Marriages___ blacks and whites are still rather rare.
9. In the early 1970s only 1.5 percent __ all married couples were not living __ their own - independently and themselves.
10. Usually____________ they have a friend common.
11. Marriages between Blacks and Whites account __ fewer than 1 percent __ all marriages each year.
12. Though parents generally encourage their children to many someone ___ the same race
and religion, when young adults move-------------- their parents' home, they often date and
then many people____ quite different backgrounds.
13. Americans_________ try to be practical most matters.
14. His decision was based __ feelings __ love rather than practical considerations
15.Serious dating ___ a commitment __ marriage is the familiar style __ courtship many cultures.
16.Casual dating involves two young people going __ together __ some length ___ time. 7.
Complete the sentences:
1. We fell in love and______________
2. People of different religious backgrounds_______________
3. A formal engagement usually___________
4. A public statement of the intention to marry_____________
5. We announced our engagement in May, but I have changed my mind, so now
6. My sister got married and______________
7. They moved away from their parents' house and______________
8. It's very sad, but many marriages____________
9. When I get married__________
10. They___________________ fell in love and
8.
Complete the text with words and expressions:
MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE
It is hard to separate dating from marriage. Most Americans do not begin dating with
(*)------------- :___ in mind — they date for fun and companionship, but extensive and
serious dating with one special person often leads to marriage.
Sometimes (2)_________ (3)____________ are arranged for two people who have never met
each other. Sometimes a party is thrown where a man and a woman can be informally introduced to each other. Or maybe a dinner will be given for people to meet.
In the
nicknamed gold diggers do marry for (5)____________ . Moreover, just as anywhere else, some
people not in love may choose a partner who is a good provider or a good homemaker. Except for the very upper level of society, being of the same social class is not a very
important factor in (6)___________ . Religion or political belief is usually more crucial. And
although it is not very common, some young Americans are disinherited for marrying a person their parents do not like. However, the threat of being thrown out of the family seldom stops an American from marrying the person he or she loves.
Since Americans usually marry for love, many also choose to (7)______________ once they feel
they are no longer in love with their partner. Nevertheless, it is quite common for such couples to be friends and to see each other now and then even after getting divorced.
Undoubtedly, American couples tend to feel freer about getting a divorce since many women
(8)________ and are not dependent on their husband's income. Of course, some women who
work only (9)____________ or who do not work at all receive alimony: however sometimes a
woman must pay alimony to her former husband if she has a higher income. Regardless of whether alimony is paid or not, usually monthly child support payments are made to the one who receives custody of any children, under eighteen or sometimes under twenty-one.
Anyway, while the divorce (10)____________ is high in the
remarriages. Most Americans start (11)_____________ again after getting divorced, and over
sixty percent of them will eventually get remarried.
