Luxembourg Essay, Research Paper

Luxembourg

Location

Luxembourg is located in Europe and is bordered by Belgium,

Germany and France. On a map, it is located at 50 N latitude

and 6 E longitude.

Luxembourg is very small. It is only 998 square miles, which

is roughly the size of Orange County, California.

All the country is inhabited, with most people living in the

southern part.

The Flag

The flag of Luxembourg was adopted in 1845. The colors come

from the Coat of Arms of Luxembourg and are red, white and blue.

The flag is simply three horizontal stripes from top to bottom.

The Land and People

Luxembourg has two distinct regions. The Ardennes, or

northern region, is mountainous. The Bon Pays, or southern

region, is mostly fertile farmland.

The climate is cool and moist, with snow in the mountains.

There are rich deposits of iron ore creating many jobs in

the steel industry. There is also fertile farmland to the south,

also creating many jobs in farming.

The people of Luxembourg have no native costume. They

borrow much of their culture from Belgium, Germany, and France.

Today, modern Luxembourgers dress like other Europeans.

The people of Luxembourg like to eat smoked pork and beans,

and sometimes saurkraut. Smoked ham is available all year round,

and pastries are a Luxembourg favorite. Some of these pastries

include rolls, muffins, cupcakes, and a special dry cake

translated “Random Thoughts”. Luxembourg makes beer and wine

which is sold there and in other nearby countries.

The buildings in Luxembourg vary from place to place. Some

villages have charming old houses hundreds of years old, though

in the cities there are many modern apartment and office

buildings.

For recreation, a Luxembourger might ride a bike, or hike in

the countryside. A favorite sport of the people is volleyball.

For transportaion they have railroads and highways for cars

and buses. There are bike trails and hiking paths as well.

Luxembourg doesn’t have a culture all its own, because it

ties in with its neighboring countries, Belgium, Germany, and

France.

The natural resources of Luxembourg are: iron ore, which is

processed into steel, farm products such as wheat, corn and

livestock, and grapes which are grown for winemaking.

Technology

The main industries of Luxembourg are steel and winemaking.

Farming is also an important industry, especially with such crops

as corn, wheat and livestock.

The steel is exported and crops are exported, as well as

used in Luxembourg. Also the wine made in Luxembourg is exported

and sold there.

Culture

There is a lot of culture in Luxembourg. There are many art

galleries featuring work from the expressionist painter, Joseph

Kutter, and also that of Edward Steichen, a well known

photographer. Both of these artists are from Luxembourg.

The cathedrals are examples of some of the beautiful

architecture found in Luxembourg. In the villages, there are

buildings dating back to the 1100’s, 1300’s, 1700’s, as well as

the early 1900’s. A trip through the villages is like taking a

trip through time because of these old homes that are still lived

in.

As far as music, every village, suburb and town has at least

a band, orchestra or choral group. Luxembourgers love parades,

and have them often. Every parade has at least half a dozen

bands. Their enjoyment of music is so great, that at the end of

every summer, Luxembourg has a music competition that involves

the whole country.

Government

The government of Luxembourg is a constitutional monarchy.

The grand duke or duchess serves as monarch and chief executive.

The monarchy is a hereditary office, and the sixty-four

member parliament, called the Chamber of Deputies, makes the

laws. The monarch appoints the prime minister and all of the ten

Cabinet ministers to carry out government operations. The twenty-

one member advisory body, or the Council of State, are appointed

for life.

The local government is carried out by dividing Luxembourg

into districts, which are headed by the commissioner. The

districts are divided into cantons, and these are divided into

communes, which are headed by elected officials.

The monarch presently in charge is Grand Duke Jean, who has

been in power since 1964. Jacques Santer has been the Premier of

Luxembourg since 1984.

The monarch’s term is for life or until he or she steps

down. The Premier, appointed by the monarch, stays in leadership

as long as he has the support of a majority of parliament

members. The parliament members are elected by the people for

five-year terms.

Religion

Ninety-five percent of Luxembourg is Catholic, although

there are some Protestants and Jews.

Although there is no information about missionary activity

in Luxembourg, freedom of religion has always been a tradition

there.

Other Interesting Information

Even though Luxembourg is an extremely small country, they

have managed to stay independant. In fact, the National Motto is

translated: “We want to remain what we are”.

The Luxembourg-based Bank of Credit and Commerce

International, in 1990, pleaded guilty to charges of money

laundering from drug trafficking.

What I Found Most Interesting

I discovered that such a small country as Luxembourg could

have so much history and stay independant for over 1,000 years.

GLOSSARY

Ardennes: The name for the mountainous region of

Luxembourg.

Bon Pays: French for “good land”, it refers to the fertile

farmland in the southern region of Luxembourg.

Expressionist Painter: An artist that paints in a style

made popular after World War I, in which the painting

expresses emotion, instead of just showing a

scene.

Hereditary: Passed on to the offspring.

Monarchy: A government run by a monarch, such as a king,

queen or other ruler.

Bibliography

Fodor’s Belgium and Luxembourg. Ed. Richard Moore. New York:

Fodor’s Travel Publications, Inc., 1989.

Hoffman, Mark S., Ed. World Almanac Book of Facts. New York:

Random House, Inc., 1987.

Johnson, Otto, et al., eds. Information Please Almanac Atlas and

Yearbook. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1992.

Lepthien, Emilie V., Luxembourg. Chicago: Children’s Press,

1989.

Raachlis, Eugene. The Low Countries. New York: Time Inc.,

1963.

World Book Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. Chicago: World Book, Inc.,

1987.