Macbeth: Character Analysis Of Macbeth Essay, Research Paper

Macbeth: Character Analysis of Macbeth

Macbeth was a true Shakespearean tragic hero. He had many noble

qualities as well as several tragic flaws. He was a courageous, brave and good

nobleman who was haunted by superstition, moral cowardice and an overwhelming

ambition. Progressively through the play, his flaws started consuming his

qualities until they are that can be seen of him.

Macbeth was a courageous and strong nobleman. He and Banquo were leaders

of King Duncan’s army. His personal powers and strength as a general won him the

battle as described by the captain (I,2, “But all’s too weak:/ For brave Macbeth

– well he deserved that name — / Disdaining fortune, with his brandished

steel,/ Which smoked with bloody execution,/ Like valor’s minion carved out his

passage/ Till he faced the slave;”). Macbeth was even undiscouraged when he was

attacked by the King of Norway, “assisted by that most disloyal traitor, the

thane of Cawdor.” Lady Macbeth convinced her husband to murder Duncan by putting

his manhood and courage at stake (I,7, “When you durst do it, then you were a

man;/ And to be more than what you were, you would be so much more the man”). As

Macbeth started degrading he lost some bravery (IV, 1, “That I may tell pale-

hearted fear it lies”). In his fight with Macduff, some of his old courage and

strength returned.

Macbeth could be brave when it came to action but when he started

thinking he would hesitate and would have to be urged into action by his wife or

by the sense of security that he obtained from the prophecies of the

supernatural. He changed his mind five times before murdering Duncan. The

witches’ prophecy that he would be king made him decide to leave it to “chance,”

but Duncan’s announcement that Malcolm was to be his heir made Macbeth realize

that he would have to take a course of action for the prophecies to come true.

He changed his mind again before he reached home until his wife persuaded him

that it could be done safely. Then he changed his mind again before finally

being forced by Lady Macbeth to make up his mind to commit the murder. Macbeth

also did not fear the moral consequences of his crimes (I,7, “We’d jump the life

to come”). After the murder of Duncan, Macbeth sinks into continuous moral

degradation. He was in a savage frenzy when he planned the murder of Banquo and

Macduff’s family. His morals sink so low that even his enemies said “Who

then shall blame/ His pester’d senses to recoil and start,/ When all that is

within him does condemn/ Itself for being there?”

Macbeth had great ambition and wished to stand well with the world. He

had absolutely no feelings for others and he only cared about what others would

think of him. The witches’ prophecies only encouraged this ambition to be king.

The witches who symbolized Macbeth’s evil ambitions put his thoughts into

actual words. The idea of murder had already occurred to him (I,3, “great

prediction/ Of noble having and of noble having and of royal hope,/ That he

seems rapt withal,” “My thought, whose murder yet is but fantastical,” and I,7,

“What beast wast then/ That made you break this enterprise to me?”). Macbeth

himself acknowledged his “vaulting ambition” that would drive him to murder

after Duncan evaded fate (I,3, “If chance will have me King, why,/ Chance may

crown me”) by announcing Malcolm as his Successor.

Macbeth’s powerful imagination made him already victim to superstition.

His superstition was seen by his susceptibility to the witches’ influence unlike

Banquo who still was not sure about their credibility. It was his superstition

that made him so unquestioningly the promises of the apparitions and rest so

easily assured. It was all his superstitions that made him cling to his belief

in these promises when circumstances became difficult. His imagination was so

strong that when it was left to roam uncontrolled his “function/ Is smother’d in

surmise.” This was seen in the “dagger” scene and in the panic which Macbeth

suffers after the murder of Duncan. This was also seen with Banquo’s ghost at

the banquet. His ensuing excitement put him in great danger of exposing his

crimes completely.

Macbeth loved his wife very much. At the beginning of the play she

participated avidly in his life and he informed her of everything that was going

on (for example he sent her a letter telling her of the witches’ prophecies). He

widely accepted her advice and ideas and they were both avid partners in the

murder of Duncan. Macbeth was very affectionate with his wife and when he was

speaking to her he often used words of endearment (Dearest love,” “Dearest

chuck” and “Sweet remembrancer”). At the end, he was so weary from everything

that was going on that when he received the news of his wife’s death he accepted

it with only a yearning resignation.

Macbeth’s whole story after Duncan’s murder was one of continuous

character deterioration. Once he had begun his life of crime he became further

and further detached from his wife to the point where she had lost all control

over him. He had become so accustomed to violence that he did not hesitate at

all in the planning of Banquo and Fleance’s murder (”The very firstling of my

heart shall be/ The very firstling of my hand”). He even went as far as to

murder Macduff’s wife and family when he knew that their death would not aid him

in any way. He became so isolated, to the point where he could not trust any of

the other lords (”There’s not a one of them but in this house I keep a servant

fee’d”). His cruelty and treachery ended up making all of Scotland suffer

(”Sighs and groans and shrieks that rend the air, are made, not mark’d”).

Macbeth started as a courageous and brave general who loved his wife

very much. But because of the faults that must accompany every tragic hero, he

was led to his ruin by his overwhelming ambition, superstition and moral

cowardice. Macbeth changed from a noble hailed as the savior of his country, a

“valiant cousin,” a “worthy gentleman,” to a man of boundless cruelty.