Motion Galileo And Newton Essay, Research Paper

Sir Isaac Newton-

Newton’s fascination for gravitation started was when he was sitting underneath an apple tree alone in the countryside observing the scenery. While he was sitting down,

he noticed an apple fall from the tree, he was asking himself why the apple fell down, that’s when he realised that the apple and it’s force pulls itself to earth. That little

apple began his quest for the reason of gravitation.

Galileo Galilei-

Galileo was inspired when he observed the things around him like a swinging lamp, a falling stone or a planet. That’s when he started asking him himself questions like

“Why does a heavy stone fall faster than a light stone?”. A very well known story that began his experiments was when he was sitting in the cathedral of Pisa while the

lamps were being lighted. He noticed that some lamps were swinging in wider arcs than others. Commonsense told him that wider swings would take a longer time. He

began to time the swings against the beats of his pulse. He was surprised to discover that all the swings took the same time. He decided to set up experiments, and soon

he had worked out the law governing the pendulum.

2.

Galileo’s well known experiment was when he was on top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa to find out the law of motion. Questioning an idea from an ancient Greek

philosopher, Aristotle, That he said a heavy body falls faster than a light one. Galileo tested this idea by dropping 2 of the same objects of different mass down from the

Leaning Tower of Pisa, They were dropped at the same moment at they reached the ground at the same time. He later realise that no matter how heavy an object is the

acceleration will be the same when dropping it at a certain height.

3.

First law: If an object is staying still, the net force on it will have to be zero. If a book is lying on a table, it is being pulled down by the earth’s gravitational force and is

also being pushed up by the molecular repulsion of the tabletop. The net force is zero, that means the book is balanced.

Second law: Newton’s second law is about net force and acceleration. A net force on an object will accelerate and change its speed. The acceleration will be balanced to

the dimension of the force and also be the same direction as the force.

Third law: Newton’s third law of motion is about an object experiences a force because it is acting other objects. The force that object (a) strives on object (b) must be

of the same size but on the opposite direction as the force that object (b) strives on object (a). e.g. If a large adult gently pushes away a child on a skating rink, in addition

to the force the adult pushed on the child, the child transmits an equal but oppositely directed force on the adult. Because the mass of the adult is larger, but the

acceleration of the adult will be smaller.

4.

Galileo’s conflict with the church started when his support of the Copernican theory that the planets revolve around the sun. Galileo was brought to Rome becaues he was

charged for supporting the Copernican theory. Although he was clear of charges, he was warned not to support the Copernican theory again. Galileo didn’t take the

ruling too serious, so he published his first scientific masterpiece, the Dialogue Concerning the two Chief World System in 1632. Within his work he compared the

Ptolemaic-Aristotelian theory to the Copernican theory to convince that the Copernican theory was logical and right. Again he was brought to Rome where he was found

guilty to be disobeying to support the Copernicus’s theory. This time he was forced to publicly withdraw his statement, and was sentenced to life time imprisonment.

While in prison he managed to publish his second scientific masterpiece due to his poor health condition. Its called Discourse on Two New Sciences. Inside this work he

provided mathematical proof of his new theory of motion and the original study of the tensile strength of materials.

5.

Galileo was born in Pisa, Italy, in 1564. Galileo’s father was a nobleman, although he was talented in music and mathematics, he was poor. His father wanted him to

become a doctor and at 17 he was sent to University of Pisa to study medicine. But Galileo was able to convince his father to let him be an astronomer. Back then the

Church was very powerful in Italy. Scientific thinking had to fit in with religious thinking. People were made to believe that everything the Catholic church said, even

though it might be wrong. Galileo had proved that the Catholic church was wrong in 2 books where he provided mathematical proof of Copernicus’s Theory.

Sir Isaac Newton was an English scientists, mathematician, and astronomer during the 1600’s and 1700’s. At the time Newton was young, he became more interest in

making little mechanical devices than studying. At the age of 14 Newton left school and went and help her widow mother manage the farm. He spent most of his time

reading. He returned back to school because he thought that there were too many questions that needed to be answered.

6.

If Newton and Galileo’s theories of gravitation and motion were not proven, we would not be as advanced as we are now. They were the fore-father’s of science,

because their theories of gravitation and motion relate to everday life as we know it today, e.g Trains, planes and automobiles etc…

They have also opened up a whole range of different areas of science and technologies.

Science may eventually lead us into a new area of life in outer space.