Boiling And Altitiude Essay, Research Paper

Materials:

Ice

Heat Source

Thermometer (Celsius)

Timer

Earth Science Reference Tables

Procedure:

1) Calculate the number of calories required to change 10 grams of ice at 0?C to 10 grams of water vapor at 100?C. (Requires 3 steps)

1) Melt ten grams of ice at 0?C

10g x 80cl/g = 800 calories

2) Heat water from 0?C to 100?C

10g x 100? x 1 = 1000 calories

3) Change water at 100?C to water vapor

10g x 540cl/g = 5400 calories

Total = 7200 calories

2) Assume our heat source is set to 100 calories per minute.

3) Determine how long it takes to melt 10 grams of ice at 0?C. Observe temperature as it melts.

800 calories ? 100 cl/min = 8 minutes

4) Determine how long it takes to heat 10 grams of liquid water from 0?C to 100?C.

1000 calories ? 100 cl/min = 10 minutes

5) Determine how long it takes to vaporize 10 grams of liquid water at 100?C.

5400 calories ? 100 cl/min = 54 minutes

Total = 72 minutes

6) Set up a graph showing the time versus temperature when changing 10 grams of ice at 0?C 10 grams of water vapor at 100?C.

7) Answer the conclusions using complete sentences.

Conclusions:

A) Get blue book and read pages 129-132.

B)Define the following terms:

Latent heat of fusion-when changing water from a liquid to a solid or from a solid to a liquid the temperature will remain at 0?C until the matter has completed its phase change to either a liquid or a solid

Latent heat of vaporization-when changing water from a liquid to a gas or from a gas to a liquid the temp will remain at 100?C until all the matter has completed its phase change to either a liquid or a gas.

Potential energy-the stored energy an object has because of its position or state

Kinetic energy- the energy an object has because of its movement or motion

Heat curve for water-a graph which shows the temperature change of water in its three states as heat is added or removed

C) Why does the temperature remain at 0?C while the ice is melting even though steady heat is being applied?

It remains the same temperature because all the heat applied is used to melt the ice. The water becomes warmer only after all the ice has been melted because only then the energy can be used to heat the water instead of melting the ice.

D) Why does the temperature remain at 100?C while the water is boiling?

Boiling water will remain at the same temperature because the heat being applied is used to change the water into water vapor rather than changing the water’s temperature.

E) Explain why water in Cortland actually boils at a temperature less than 100?C.

Water in Cortland actually boils at a temperature less than 100?C because of Cortlands altitude. For every thousand feet above sea level water boils about 1?C less than its actual boiling point. Since Cortland is about 1000 feet above sea level we can determine that water in Cortland will boil at about 99?C or 1?C less than waters actual boiling point.