РОССИЙСКИЙ  УНИВЕРСИТЕТ  ДРУЖБЫ  НАРОДОВ

ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ  ФАКУЛЬТЕТ
РЕФЕРАТ
СПИСОК МИРОВОГО НАСЛЕДИЯ

(The World Heritage List, на английском языке)
Дисциплина: Нормативное обеспечение охраны окружающей среды

Написал: Попов Н. И.

Преподаватель: Попадейкин В. В.
МОСКВА

1997

The World Heritage List
UNESCO

         World Heritage

                          WORLD HERITAGE LIST
     The 506 properties which the World Heritage Committee

     has inscribed on the World Heritage List

     (380 cultural, 107 natural and 19 mixed properties in 107 States Parties)
     The World Heritage Committee has inscribed the following properties on the World                                                            Heritage List. The List, arranged alphabetically by nominating country, is current as of December 1996.
     -----------------------------------------------------------------
     ALBANIA:
          1992 Butrinti
     ALGERIA:
          1980 Al Qal'a of Beni Hammad

          1982 Tassili N'Ajjer

          1982 M'Zab Valley

          1982 Djйmila

          1982 Tipasa

          1982 Timgad

          1992 Kasbah of Algiers
     ARGENTINA:
          1981 Los Glaciares

          1984 Iguazu National Park
     ARGENTINA AND BRAZIL:
          1984 Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis:
               San Ignacio Mini, Santa Ana, Nuestra Senora

               de Loreto and Santa Maria Mayor (Argentina),

               Ruins of Sao Miguel das Missoes (Brazil)
     ARMENIA:
          1996 The Monastery of Haghpat
     AUSTRALIA:
          1981 Great Barrier Reef

          1981 Kakadu National Park

          1981 Willandra Lakes Region

          1982 Tasmanian Wilderness

          1982 Lord Howe Island Group

          1987 Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park

          1987 Central Eastern Australian Rainforest

          1988 Wet Tropics of Queensland

          1991 Shark Bay, Western Australia

          1992 Fraser Island

          1994 Australian Fossil Mammal Sites

          (Riversleigh/Naracoorte)
     AUSTRIA:
          1996 The Historic Centre of the City of Salzburg

          1996 The Palace and Gardens of Schцnbrunn
     BANGLADESH:
          1985 Historic Mosque City of Bagerhat

          1985 Ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur
     BELARUS/POLAND:
          1992 Beloveshskaya Pushcha/Bialowieza Forest
     BELIZE:
          1996 Belize Barrier-Reef Reserve System
     BENIN:
          1985 Royal Palaces of Abomey
     BOLIVIA:
          1987 City of Potosi

          1990 Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos

          1991 Historic City of Sucre
     BRAZIL:
          1980 Historic Town of Ouro Preto

          1982 Historic Centre of the Town of Olinda

          1984 Iguacu National Park

          1985 Historic Centre of Salvador de Bahia

          1985 Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Congonhas

          1987 Brasilia

          1991 Serra da Capivara National Park
     BULGARIA:
          1979 Boyana Church

          1979 Madara Rider

          1979 Rock-hewn Churches of Ivanovo

          1979 Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak

          1983 Ancient City of Nessebar

          1983 Srebarna Nature Reserve

          1983 Pirin National Park

          1983 Rila Monastery

          1985 Thracian Tomb of Sveshtari
     CAMBODIA:
          1992 Angkor
     CAMEROON:
          1987 Dja Faunal Reserve
     CANADA:
          1978 L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Park

          1978 Nahanni National Park

          1979 Dinosaur Provincial Park

          1981 Anthony Island

          1981 Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump Complex

          1983 Wood Buffalo National Park

          1984 Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks*

          1985 Quebec (Historic Area)

          1987 Gros Morne National Park

          1995 Lunenburg Old Town
          *The Burgess Shale Site, previously inscribed on the

          WHL, is part of the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks.
     CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:
          1979 Tatshenshini-Alsek/ Kluane National Park/

          Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Reserve and

          Glacier Bay National Park

          1995 Waterton Glacier International Peace Park
     CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC:
          1988 Parc National du Manovo-Gounda St. Floris
     CHILE:
          1995 Rapa Nui National Park
     CHINA:
          1987 The Great Wall

          1987 Mount Taishan

          1987 Imperial Palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties

          1987 Mogao Caves

          1987 Mausoleum of the First Qin Emporer

          1987 Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian

          1990 Mount Hungshan

          1992 Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest

          Area

          1992 Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area

          1992 Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area

          1994 The Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples,

          Chengde

          1994 Temple of Confucius, Cemetery of Confucius, and

          Kong Family Mansion in Qufu

          1994 Ancient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains

          1994 The Potala Palace, Lhasa

          1996 Lushan National Park

          1996 Mt. Emei and Leshan Giant Buddha
     COLOMBIA:
          1984 Port, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena

          1994 Los Katios National Park

          1995 Historic Centre of Santa Cruz de Mompox

          1995 National Archaeological Park of Tierradentro

          1995 San Agustin Archaeological Park
     COSTA RICA/PANAMA:
          1983 Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves/ La Amistad

          National Park
     COTE D'IVOIRE:
          1982 Taп National Park

          1983 Comoй National Park
     CROATIA:
          1979 Old City of Dubrovnik

          1979 Historic Complex of Split with the Palace of

          Diocletian

          1979 Plitvice Lakes National Park
     CUBA:
          1982 Old Havana and its Fortifications

          1988 Trinidad and the Valley de los Ingenios
     CYPRUS:
          1980 Paphos

          1985 Painted Churches in the Troodos Region
     CZECH REPUBLIC:
          1992 Historic Centre of Prague

          1992 Historic Centre of Cesky Krumlov

          1992 Historic Centre of Telc

          1994 Pilgrimage Church of St. John of Nepomuk at Zelena

          Hora

          1995 Kutna Hora - the Historical Town Centre with the

          Church of Saint Barbara and the Cathedral of our Lady

          at Sedlec

          1996 The Lednice-Valtice Cultural Landscape
     DENMARK:
          1994 Jellings Mounds, Runic Stones and Church

          1995 Roskilde Cathedral
     DOMINICAN REPUBLIC:
          1990 Colonial City of Santo Domingo
     ECUADOR:
          1978 Galapagos National Park

          1978 Old City of Quito

          1983 Sangay National Park
     EGYPT:
          1979 Ancient Thebes with its Necropolis

          1979 Islamic Cairo

          1979 Memphis and its Necropolis - the Pyramid Fields

          from Giza to Dahshur

          1979 Nubian Monuments from Abu Simbel to Philae

          1979 Abu Mena
     EL SALVADOR:
          1993 Joya de Ceren Archaeological Site
     ETHIOPIA:
          1978 Rock-hewn Churches of Lalibela

          1978 Simien National Park

          1979 Fasil Ghebbi, Gondar Region

          1980 Aksum

          1980 Lower Valley of the Awash

          1980 Lower Valley of the Omo

          1980 Tiya
     FINLAND:
          1991 Old Rauma

          1991 Fortress of Suomenlinna

          1994 Petдjдvesi Old Church

          1996 Verla Groundwood and Board Mill
     FORMER YUGOSLAV REP. OF MACEDONIA
          1979 Ohrid Region, including its cultural and historic

          aspects, and its natural environment
     FRANCE:
          1979 Chartres Cathedral

          1979 Decorated Grottoes of the Vйzиre Valley, including

          the Grotto of Lascaux

          1979 Mont-St. Michel and its Bay

          1979 Palace and Park of Versailles

          1979 Vйzelay, Church and Hill

          1981 Amiens Cathedral

          1981 Chateau and Estate of Chambord

          1981 Cistercian Abbey of Fontenay

          1981 Palace and Park of Fontainebleau

          1981 Roman and Romanesque Monuments of Arles

          1981 The Roman Theatre and its Surroundings and the

          Triumphal Arch of Orange

          1982 The Royal Saltworks of Arc-et-Senans

          1983 Place Stanislas, Place de la Carriиre, and Place

          d'Alliance, Nancy

          1983 Church of Saint-Savin-sur Gartempe

          1983 Cape Girolata, Cape Porto, Scandola Natural

          Reserve, and the Piano Calanches in Corsica

          1985 Pont du Gard (Roman Aqueduct)

          1988 Strasbourg, Grande Isle

          1991 Paris, Banks of the Seine

          1991 Cathedral of Notre-Dame, former Abbey of

          Saint-Remi and Tau Palace, of Reims

          1992 Bourges Cathedral

          1995 Historic Centre of Avignon

          1996 Le Canal du Midi
     GEORGIA:
          1994 The City-Museum Reserve of Mtskheta

          1994 Bagrati Cathedral and Gelati

          1996 Upper Svaneti
     GERMANY:
          1978 Aachen Cathedral

          1981 Speyer Cathedral

          1981 Wьrzburg Residence, including the Court Gardens

          and Residence Square

          1983 Pilgrimage of Church of Wies

          1984 The Castles of Augustusburg and Falkenlust at

          Brьhl

          1985 St. Mary's Cathedral and St. Michael's Church,

          Hildesheim

          1986 Roman Monuments, Cathedral and Liebfrauen-Church

          in Trier

          1987 Hanseatic City of Lьbeck

          1990 Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin

          1991 Abbey and Altenmьnster of Lorsch

          1992 Mines of Rammelsberg and the Historic Town of

          Goslar

          1993 Town of Bamberg

          1993 Maulbronn Monastery Complex

          1994 The Collegiate Church, Castle, and old Town of

          Quedlinburg

          1994 Vцlklingen Ironworks

          1995 Messel Pit Fossil site

          1996 Cologne Cathedral

          1996 The Bauhaus and its sites in Weimar and Dessau

          1996 The Luther Memorials in Eisleben and Wittenberg
     GHANA:
          1979 Forts and Castles, Volta Greater Accra, Central

          and Western Regions

          1980 Ashante Traditional Buildings
     GREECE:
          1986 Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae

          1987 Archaeological Site of Delphi

          1987 The Acropolis, Athens

          1988 Mount Athos

          1988 Meteora

          1988 Paleochristian and Byzantine Monuments of

          Thessalonika

          1988 Archaeological Site of Epidaurus

          1988 Medieval City of Rhodes

          1989 Archaeological Site of Olympia

          1989 Mystras

          1990 Delos

          1990 Monasteries of Daphni, Hossios Luckas and Nea Moni

          of Chios

          1992 Pythagoreion and Heraion of Samos

          1996 The Archaeological Site of Vergina
     GUATEMALA:
          1979 Antigua Guatemala

          1979 Tikal National Park

          1981 Archaeological Park and Ruins of Quirigua
     GUINEA AND COTE D'IVOIRE:
          1981 Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve
     HAITI:
          1982 Citadel, Sans-Souci Palace, and Ramiers National

          Historic Park
     HOLY SEE:
          1984 Vatican City
     HONDURAS:
          1980 Maya Site of Copan

          1982 Rнo Platano Biosphere Reserve
     HUNGARY:
          1987 Budapest, including the Banks of the Danube with

          the district of Buda Castle

          1987 Hollуkц

          1996 The Millenary Benedictine Abbey of Pannonhalma and

          its Natural Environment
     HUNGARY AND SLOVAKIA:
          1995 Caves of Aggtelek and Slovak Karst
     INDIA:
          1983 Ajanta Caves

          1983 Ellora Caves

          1983 Agra Fort

          1983 Taj Mahal

          1984 Sun Temple, Konarak

          1985 Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram

          1985 Kaziranga National Park

          1985 Manas Wildlife Sanctuary

          1985 Keoladeo National Park

          1986 Churches and Convents of Goa

          1986 Group of Monuments at Khajuraho

          1986 Group of Monuments at Hampi

          1986 Fatehpur Sikri

          1987 Group of Monuments at Pattadakal

          1987 Elephanta Caves

          1987 Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur

          1987 Sundarbans National Park

          1988 Nanda Devi National Park

          1989 Buddhist Monastery at Sanchi

          1993 Humayun's Tomb

          1993 Qutb Minar and its Monuments, Delhi
     INDONESIA:
          1991 Komodo National Park

          1991 Ujung Kulon National Park

          1991 Borobudur Temple compound

          1982 Selous Game Reserve

          1987 Kilimanjaro National Park
     UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:
          1978 Mesa Verde National Park

          1978 Yellowstone National Park

          1979 Everglades National Park

          1979 Grand Canyon National Park

          1979 Independence Hall

          1980 Redwood National Park

          1981 Mammoth Cave National Park

          1981 Olympic National Park

          1982 Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site

          1983 Great Smokey Mountains National Park

          1983 San Juan National Historic Site and La Fortaleza

          1984 The Statue of Liberty

          1984 Yosemite National Park

          1987 Monticello, and the University of Virginia,

          Charlottesville

          1987 Chaco Culture National Historic Park

          1987 Hawaii Volcanoes National Park

          1992 Pueblo de Taos

          1995 Carlsbad Caverns National Park
     URUGUAY:
          1995 Historic Quarter of the City of Colonia del

          Sacramento
     UZBEKISTAN:
          1990 Itchan Kala

          1993 The Historic Centre of Bukhara
     VENEZUELA:
          1993 Coro

          1994 Canaima National Park
     VIET NAM:
          1993 Huй (Complex of Monuments)

          1994 Ha Long Bay
     YEMEN:
          1982 Old Walled City of Shibam

          1988 Old City of Sana'a

          1993 Historic Town of Zabid
     YUGOSLAVIA:
          1979 Natural and Culturo-Historic Region of Kotor

          1979 Stari Ras and Sopocani Monastery

          1980 Durmitor National Park

          1988 Studenica Monastery
     ZAIRE:
          1979 Virunga National Park

          1981 Kahuzi-Biega National Park

          1980 Garamba National Park

          1984 Salonga National Park

          1996 Okapi Faunal Reserve
     ZAMBIA/ZIMBABWE:
          1989 Victoria Falls/Mosi-oa-Tunya
     ZIMBABWE:
          1984 Mana Pools National Park, Sapi and Chewore Safari

          Areas

          1988 Great Zimbabwe National Monument

          1988 Khami Ruins National Monument
     -----------------------------------------------------------------
     The World Heritage List was established under terms of The Convention Concerning the Protection of World Culture and Natural Heritage adopted in November, 1972 at the 17th General Conference of UNESCO.
     The Convention states that a World Heritage Committee "will establish, keep up-to-date and publish" a World Heritage List of cultural and natural properties, submitted by the States and considered to be of outstanding universal value.
     One of the main responsibilities of this Committee is to provide technical co-operation under the World Heritage Fund for the safeguarding of World Heritage Sites to States Parties whose resources are insufficient.
     States Parties can request international assistance under the Fund for expert missions, training of specialized staff, and supply of equipment when appropriate; they can also apply for long-term loans and, in special cases, non-repayable grants. Requests must concern work necessary for the preservation of cultural or natural sites included in the World Heritage List or assistance to national or regional training centres.
     Emergency assistance is also available under the Fund in the case of properties severely damaged by specific natural or man-made disasters or threatened with imminent destruction.
     As of December 1996, 147 Member States had ratified the Convention, the United States being the first to do so. As of December 1996, the number of sites on the World Heritage List stood at 506. The Committee named 12 sites in 1978, 45 in 1979, 28 in 1980, 26 in 1981, 24 in 1982, 29 in 1983, 23 in 1984, 30 in 1985, 31 in 1986, 41 in 1987, 27 in 1988, 7 in 1989, 17 in 1990, 22 in 1991, 20 in 1992, 33 in 1993, 29 in 1994, 29 in 1995, and 37 in 1996.
     * Small discrepancies in numbers may be due to different methods of numbering sites, and overlapping of sites into two countries.
    Inquiries should be sent to :
          UNESCO World Heritage Centre

          7 Place de Fontenoy

          75352 Paris 07 SP, France

          [email protected]
     -----------------------------------------------------------------
     http://www.unesco.org/whc/heritage.htm

     Update: 20 February 1997

Источник: Internet.