Glossary And Definitions Essay, Research Paper

Glossary and Definitions

Distribution:

Drug distribution is the process by which a drug reversibly leaves the blood

stream and enters the interstitium (extracellular fluid) and/or the cells of the

tissues. The delivery of a drug from the plasma to the interstitium primarily

depends on blood flow, capillary permeability, the degree of binding of the drug

to plasma and tissue proteins, and the relative hydrophobicity of the drug.

Excipient:

Vehicle. A more or less inert substance added in a prescription as a diluent or

vehicle or to give form or consistency when the remedy is given in pill form;

simple syrup, aromatic powder, honey, and various elixirs are examples.

Gel:

A colloidal state in which the molecules of the dispersed phase form a three-

dimensional structure in the continuous phase to produce a semisolid material

such as a jelly. For example, a warm, dilute(2 percent) solution of gelatin(a

protein mixture) forms, on cooling, a stiff gel in which the molecules of the

continuous phase are trapped in the holes of a “brush-heap” like structure of

the gelatin. Administered orally.

Microemulsion:

Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable, optically transparent, isotropic

mixtures of a biphasic oil-water system stabilized with surfactants. The

diameter of droplets in a microemulsion may be in the range of 100 A to 1000 A.

Microemulsion may be formed spontaneously by agitating the oil and water phases

with carefully selected surfactants. The type of emulsion produced depends upon

the properties of the oil and surfactants utilized.

Ointment:

Semisolid preparations intended for topical application. Most ointments are

applied to the skin, although they may also be administered ophtalmically,

nasally, aurally, rectally, or vaginally. With a few exceptions, ointments are

applied for their local effect on the tissue membrane rather than for systematic

effects.

Professional skills:

Body of systematic scientific knowledge, manual dexterity and deftness,

proficiency, resulting from training, practice and experience particular of an

individual who has completed the formal education and examination required for

membership in a profession.

Water:

A clear, colorless, odorless and tasteless liquid, H2O that is essential for

most plant and animal life and is most widely used of all solvents. Any of the

various forms of water, as rain. A bodily fluid, as urine, perspiration or

tears. Any of various liquids that contain and somewhat resemble water.

Naturally occurring water exerts its solvent effect on most substances it

contacts and thus is impure and contains varying amounts of dissolved inorganic

salts, usually sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium iron, chlorides, sulfates

and bicarbonates as well as dissolved and undissolved organic matter and

microorganisms.